Cape verdean creole translator. are some of the differences between Cape Verdean Creole and English; (2) are these differences reflected in traditional speech and language tests and; (3) will presentation of tests in English and. Cape verdean creole translator

 
are some of the differences between Cape Verdean Creole and English; (2) are these differences reflected in traditional speech and language tests and; (3) will presentation of tests in English andCape verdean creole translator  Get In Touch +1 206 905 1065 | +351 707 502572

Great for tourists and language enthusiasts alike. 401-462-4444. Hello! I've been looking for a translation of this song called "Lunar", which is sung in Cape Verdean Creole. com. Merle Haggard - Blue Yodel #6. Try it free. I've tried contacting both singer and recording company to see if. Portuguese creole is drawn from Portuguese and Spanish languages. We would like to translate a small 125 letter from English into Cape Verdean Creole. See also [edit] Cape Verdean in wikipedia; Swadesh lists of different dialects of Cape Verdean Creole; English-Cape Verdean Dictionary of the Peace Corps Cape Verdean Creole, also called kriolu or kriol, is a native language derived from both Portuguese and African dialects. Read More. Interpreter services are available to all court users in all court departments (Boston Municipal, District, Housing, Juvenile, Land. com. N dixa nha kaneta na. Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language, spoken in Cape Verde. We also translate Kodava to and from any other world language. When the French first came around to the Caribbean, they called these people “creeoles” because they had no. It has an offline mode that allows users to access translation without the internet. Native. In addition to language skills, our classes also cover cultural topics related to the language you're studying. 000 Norma Ki Ta Proibi Diskriminason, Asédiu, Ritaliason, Y Prusedimentu Di Rizoluson Di Dinúnsias / 5. Find salaries. Is Haitian Creole and Cape Verdean Creole the same? Haitian Creole has a unique spelling system. "This new Cape Verdean grammar book includes all that you need to learn conversational Cape Verdean Creole. 8% of Brockton’s residents speak a language other than English. 112 seguidores no LinkedIn. 99 : is Cape Verdean Creole has increased from 6. Creole has been gaining prestige since the nation's independence from Portugal. 26 minutes ago · Please leave it blank if you're not sure who sings the song. Google’s app is the most popular translation app today. It is spoken, alongside French and to some extent English, by the Algonquin First Nations of Quebec and Ontario. Don't forget to subscribe to our web app app. The language. Cape Verdean Creole: Another fascinating creole language, Cape Verdean Creole was developed in Cape Verde, a group of islands off the coast of West Africa. We have built our company on the founding principles of quality, integrity, and customer satisfaction, and we continue to live up to those principles today, with over a 99. November 16,. U. Cape Verde is the country of miscegenation, the “proof” of “racial harmony” of Luso-Tropicalism. Full-time +1. Native. and recorded the Creole translation for each item on the same tape. For free. to the end of the word, but often the plural is ommitted. Cape Verdean Creole. Our hand-picked Cape Verdean Creole translators have a minimum of 10 years experience, hold a degree on their areas of specialization and are certified by at least one internationally recognized translation association. Get your website, software, and video game translation projects done by a team of professional Japanese translators. Search for jobs related to Cape verdean creole translation or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 23m+ jobs. Algonquin is an Algonquian language closely related to Ojibwe, although many consider it to be instead a particularly divergent dialect of Ojibwe. Aperitive. Search for jobs related to Cape verdean creole vs portuguese or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 22m+ jobs. Crioulo caboverdiano is the translation of "Cape Verdean Creole" into Galician. If you speak more than one language - especially rare ones - and want to put your multilingual skills to use, come join us!17 Translator Creole jobs available in Online Flexible on Indeed. A project done with his daughter, Liza Gonçalves, the dictionary took 10. I lost you by so little, yeah, yeah. N ka ta komprende. Apply to Interpreter, Medical Interpreter, Linguist and more!Mars Translation is an ISO-certified translation service provider that boasts a global network of native translators proficient in over 230 languages and 25+ industries. Search. Choose the first letter to select required language: Translation Services USA offers professional translation services for English to Kodava and Kodava to English language pairs. 2 Kriolu ebook and audio courses brought to you by Live Lingua. Click the "Reset" button to close translators if you don't need them. Are you visiting the Cape Verde Islands? Know the true meaning of beautiful and expressive Cape Verdean Creole words. PROGRAM SECTORS. : Under Cape. It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora. In fact, Translation Services USA is the only agency. name is Jerica from the translation company Tomedes We are looking for an English to Cape Verdean Creole Translator The translator must have : 1. If you were to seek a local in-person Cape Verdean Creole interpreter or translator, it would be virtually impossible to find one. Remote. 8:30 AM - 5:00 PM. Jump to phrases See these phrases in any combination of two languages in the Phrase Finder. [12] It lies between the latitudes 14°N and 18°N, and the longitudes 22. Apply to Interpreter, Medical Interpreter, Translator/interpreter and more! Skip to main content. A digital dictionary great for tourists and language enthusiasts alike traveling to the Cape Verde Islands. 2%. Great for tourists and language enthusiasts alike. com. Cape Verde . Try Magic Notes and save time. Kabuverdianu Translations offers English to Cape Verdean creole translation, phone interpretation, consecutive and simultaneous interpretation. Translate labels; Open PDF file, 100. are some of the differences between Cape Verdean Creole and English; (2) are these differences reflected in traditional speech and language tests and; (3) will presentation of tests in English and. 05 KB)We need English to Arabic, French, and cape Verdean Creole translators and reviewers for urgent jobs. Cape Verde's official UNESCO application page says : A Morna é um genéro performativo de Cabo Verde que reúne a voz, a música, a poesia e a dança. With the help of our knowledgeable English to Cape Verdean Creole translation services, you can maximize your chances of connecting with more people in Cape Verde and elsewhere. com. Previous Article How many muscles does the esophagus. Cape Verdean Creole is a unique language that attests to the diverse history of the Cape Verdean archipelago, and while it may feature many complicated grammatical concepts, our native-speaking Cabe Verdean. com. We can translate into over 100 different languages. Need to translate two-page survey from English to Cape Verdean Creole (not Haitian Creole). African and African American Studies 90r. Kabuverdianu Translations offers cape verdean creole interpretation, Translation, OPI Interpretation services on social, medical and educational topics. Good quality photos are also suitable. The first of its kind, Cape Verdean Creole to English Dictionary has been a labor of love by Author Manuel Da Luz Goncalves. Thus, the language is influenced by a myriad of African languages, with Mandinka, Wolof, Biafada, Papel, and Banyum perhaps exerting the. I sort of have no plans. Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). com. : The Government of Cape Verde is open for discussion on that. Our cooperative agreement with CDC supports Immunize. com. Hello! I am a part of a startup trying to build sophisticated and easy-to-use online resources for the Cabo Verdean Creole. <> Capeverdean, I work with texts related to business, maritime transports, contracts, education, health care, and Engineering. Census Bureau data, 46. envisioned a publishing infrastructure for Mozambicans and by Mozambicans after becoming the first published literary translator in her country, polyglot Sandra Tamele established a literary. WEI&C, CV, SA Portugal. For these Cape Verdeans, Kriolu is a sign of blackness, Africanity, and a potential entry point to networks including. ↔ En consecuencia desta presenza xeneralizada do português, rexístrase un proceso de descriolización en. For example, the word “Creole” is actually a combination of two words, “creeole” and “ole. The language is written primarily with the Latin. Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language, originating when Portuguese colonists discovered the uninhabited archipelago in the 1400s and brought slaves from West Africa to work on plantations. Resume Resources: Resume Samples - Resume Templates. The document relates to voter information on electoral candidates addressing issues such as public safety, housing, public transportation and similar social issues. The Adjective 223 Medical Translator Creole jobs available on Indeed. 17 Cape Verdean Creole Translation jobs available on Indeed. Languages, Literature, and Cultures-English Studies-Translation; University of Cabo Verde. Indefinite article (A, Some) is retained. Nos ofisina ta trabadja ku tudu dipartimentu di Cidadi di Boston pa medjora asesibilidadi. < Wp. The German (Deutsch) translation and a list of definitions for the English expression "Cape Verdean Creole. Each creole blends Portuguese with one or more indigenous languages. Click the "Reset" button to close translators if you don't need them. Health Information Translations. Apply to Interpreter, Medical Interpreter, Linguist and more!. As a result, the creoles in Africa feature different pronunciations, grammar, and vocabularies. Always on time. Table Of Content: Cape Verdean Creole Translation. Cape Verdean Creole translation in English - French Reverso dictionary, see also 'Cape Canaveral',Cape gooseberry',Cape Town',caper', examples, definition, conjugationIt’s important to have interpreting services in Cape Verde into various languages such as Creole, Portuguese, English, among others, so as to reach a wider market. Promotion of the Capeverdean language shall focus on active support for the recognition of Capeverdean Creole as an official language in the Republic of Cape Verde, the implementation of. The first of its kind, English to Cape Verdean Creole ( Kriolu, Kabuverdianu) and Portuguese Dictionary. Fortunately, slavery is no longer prevalent in. The corn version also contains sugar, cornmeal and mandioca starch (aka tapioca starch). Interview for BNN. John M. A collection of introductory phrases, verbs, numbers, etc. com. Torres-Strait Creole translation to or from English. Please, send us your resume, competitive rate/word, available hours, daily output, and tools you use to perform the tasks and your WhatsUp phone # to Email: [email removed*] Selected translators and reviewers will be tested and. It is the native language of virtually all Cape Verdeans, and it is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora (The official language is Portuguese). It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora. Each language was. We use cookies to deliver our users content and ads they want and to analyze our traffic. Search for jobs related to English cape verdean creole language translation or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 22m+ jobs. to study word usage in a sentence in one language and how they can be translated into another. Like many children who grew up in Cape Verde pre-independence, Manuel Da Luz Gonçalves was forbidden from speaking his native Creole language during school. A collection of useful phrases in Cape Verdean Creole, a Portuguese-based creole spoken mainly in Cape Verde. We aim to facilitate seamless interactions, foster cultural understanding, and promote global cooperation by ensuring accurate and culturally-sensitive translations. This test wiki is open or verified to be eligible. Using Kabuverdianu Translations, as an office brand to offer Cape Verdean Creole/Portuguese Language Services to clientele around the. We also translate Cherokee to and from any other world language. If you want to speak to us directly, call us now at +44 (0) 208 523 5791. com. Cape Verdean Creole; Get in Touch; Learn Cape Verdean Creole; Kabuverdianu Translations. The document is approximately 6-10 pages long and does not require certification. Search for jobs related to Cape verdean creole lessons or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 22m+ jobs. It is the mother tongue of the majority of the Cape Verdean population and is considered the national language of the country, along with Portuguese. 00 USD, a great review and future consideration for projects in the language pair. At the left column, select translators you like by clicking the check boxes, then just click the "Go"button. The low-stress way to find your next creole translator job opportunity is on SimplyHired. r/translator is *the* community for Reddit translation requests. Souleymane BA * English-Dinka, English-Sangho, English-Afar, English-Cape Verdean Creole Translation * Wolof, Fulani and African languages * Master Member at TranslatorsCafe. to the end of the word, but often the plural is ommitted. Each chapter includes fun and easy to follow exercises to help you to learn proper Cape Verdean Creole grammar. 2. All applicants must be native speakers of Cape Verdean Creole and must possess a. Passion, Mindset and Self-Discipline. By Hafsa - This is an explanation about a translation from English to Cape Verdean Creole. Apply to Interpreter, Translator, Linguist and more!24 Translator Creole jobs available in US Fully Remote on Indeed. English to Portuguese ( Cape Verde). It is the native creole. Help with marketing/ social media for Cabo Verdean startup. Order your Cape Verdean Creole translation today. It’s a typical Cape Verdean soup that is particularly popular in Sao Vicente. 91 KB, 5. Search key words on your mobile device or on your desktop computer. English Translator jobs 6,940 open jobsThe Cape Verdean Association of Brockton, Inc. : Cape Verde's licensing regime is very complex. Prodigious Son (in Costa & Duarte 1886 [1967]: 308-309), a translation of two . Some of these cookies are essential to the operation of the site, while others help to improve your experience by providing insights into how the site is being used. Translate 4 Africa Cape Verde Creole translators are experts in the life sciences industry which encompasses diverse disciplines including biology, microbiology, plant sciences, biomedical sciences, pharmaceutical sciences, animal health, zoology and environmental studies. . creole translator jobs. A 48-page English-CVC dictionary, from Serra Malagueta National Park. Have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. . Overview: As a telephonic interpreter for Cape Verdean Creole in LSA’s network of Independently Contracted Interpreters, you are responsible for handling telephone calls on demand and facilitating language communication for the Limited English Proficient (LEP) community in a variety of settings, including medical, legal, and customer service. com. Apply to Interpreter, Medical Interpreter, Spanish Interpreter and more!Translation Services USA is the only agency on the market offering professional Spanish translation services completed by native speakers who reside in their native speaking countries. Braintree, MA. Remote. Sample translated sentence: The ferrinho (in Cape Verdean Creole ferrinhu ) is a musical instrument, more precisely a scraped idiophone. Apply to Interpreter, Medical Interpreter, Freelance Translator and more!Convert to IPA. Overview About Kriolu language Countries Kriolu is spoken Kriolu is also called. So, you've found one! Tyson Cofre! The 100% job success score speaks for itself. Search key words on your mobile device or on your desktop computer. Even if they still retain some similarities. LANGUAGE: CAPE VERDEAN CREOLE. Cape Verdean Creole is primarily an oral language with diverse regional dialects across the different islands. Cape Verdean National Anthem - Cântico da Liberdade. Individualized study of Cape Verdean Creole at the elementary, intermediate, and advanced levels. One such phrase that will come in handy time and time again is “mi fala Kriolu”, which means “I speak Creole”. English to Kriolu Dictionary English [Sanpajudu] Badiu English [Sanpajudu] Badiu 2 All Saints Day d. One World Global Services. Translator Profile at TranslatorsCafe. Learn about the Cape Verdean Creole language facts, types of translation services, and get a price estimate. At Translate 4 Africa, we provide professional and accurate interpretations for all forms of Interpreting for your business. Cape Verdean Creole or Kriolu is a dialect continuum of a Portuguese-based creole that came from Guiné Bissau. Random Word. Basic Capeverdean Creole Grammar. Think of words like Morabeza, Tu dret, Grogue, Alugueres. And according to U. Administrative Assistant. $800 - $1,400 a month. We provide a full array of Cape Verdean Creole language solutions, including Cape Verdean Creole document translations, Cape Verdean Creole transliteration services,. One World Global Services. 401Health provides Rhode Islanders with an easy way to track symptoms; report self-test results; find vaccine records; and learn about COVID-19 testing, treatment, and vaccination. One World Global Services. Cape Verdean Creole language professionals are difficult to find in the west. . PROGRAMS THAT USED THIS LANGUAGE. Vietnamese 5. IELTS® TOEFL® TOEIC®. Haitian Creole Remote Interpreter. Paula Pires, now 24, left Cape Verde at 9 years old with her family to chase what many call the American Dream. Try Magic Notes and save time Crush your year with the magic of personalized studying. Great for tourists and language enthusiasts alike. : 2 Free Online Kriolu Courses. The document is approximately 6-10 pages long and does not require certification. , founded in Boston , MA…. It is also the richest in the Lusophone portion of Africa. The Definite article (the) is usually ommitted, but the . Give us a call: US: +1 347 771 1881 UK: +44 20 3807 5500 Sign in. See Machine Translations. sales1-at-translation-services-usa-dot-com. Hours to be arranged. Menu. By Hafsa - This is an explanation about a translation from English to Cape Verdean Creole. It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora. You can count on me for quality and fair price. Jamaica. Cape Verdean Creole: US - Based Interpreter. See these phrases in any combination of two languages in the Phrase Finder. Cape Verdean Creole language professionals are difficult to find in the west. We would like to translate a 500+ word letter from English into Cape Verdean (Port. The document is approximately 6. Want to convert text to its phonemic transcription? With the tool below, we have made it simpler than ever. English <->Portuguese and Cape Verdean Creole Translator / English Teacher Praia, Cape Verde. to the end of the word, but often the plural is ommitted. Translate Cape Verde using machine translators. If you had opened several translators, click the icon to view one. Features The first of its kind, English to Cape Verdean Creole Dictionary. Choose the first letter to select required language: Translation Services USA offers professional translation services for English to Cherokee and Cherokee to English language pairs. Features The first of its kind, English to Cape Verdean Creole Dictionary. Currently, there are different varieties of Cape Verdean Creole, which vary according to the island and region of the country. Using Kabuverdianu Translations, as an office brand to offer Cape Verdean Creole/Portuguese Language. . Just enter, pick a course and start learning Kriolu today. English to Cape Verdean Creole Translation Project I am looking for a skilled translator who can help me translate a text document from English to Cape Verdean Creole. Feel that you still want me. The first thing you might notice about the many different types of Creole is how they have all completely different origins. Remote. 22 Translator Creole Remote jobs available in Worldwide USA on Indeed. As with any language, translating Cape Verdean Creole into another language, such as. Cape Verde and its Creole . During an Internship as translator and data analyzer in the international department, at University Jean Piaget of Cape Verde successfully translated over 300 complete projects, ranging from documents, newspapers, books, medical reports etc. Jan is currently the Chair of the Alma del Mar, Board of Trustees and the Vice President of the Cape Verdean Association of New Bedford. Toll Free: (800) 790-3680. Translation Services USA offers professional translation services for English to Cape Verdean Creole and Cape Verdean Creole to English language pairs. ‎The English to Creole Translator app is a best Creole to English translation app for travelers and Creole to English learners. P. In conclusion, we hope that you got Cape Verdean Creole Translation Services - English to Cape. Learn more in the Cambridge English-Portuguese Dictionary. We are seeking a translation from English into Cape Verdean Creole. Cape Verde: 1988-2011. co. Cape Verdean Creole, spoken as a mother tongue by about a million people across the planet. The dry ingredients are moistened with water and steamed in a binde, which is a traditional Cape. Arabic 9. The Portuguese creole is mainly spoken on the islands of Cape Verde while the Haitian Creole, which is French-based, is substantially used by emigrants living in Cayenne neighborhoods. This help content & information General Help Center experience. New translation. As a telephonic interpreter for Cape Verdean Creole in LSA’s network of Independently Contracted Interpreters, you are responsible for handling telephone calls on demand and facilitating. Even if they still retain some similarities. $800 - $1,400 a month. Listening and Speaking. Cantonese - Chinese 6. Manuel Da Luz Gonçalves and Josephine Tavares of Mili Mila talk about producing the first-ever Cape Verdean Creole and English dictionary. Language Connections, specializing in Boston Interpreters, provided Cape Verdean Creole & Spanish interpreting for a community meeting for Verizon Services. PHOTO: PETER ROBY. It is primarily an oral language so certain expressions and their spelling may vary. Though the Portuguese language is official in the country today, the national language is Cape Verdean Creole, which has nine varieties of Portuguese-based Creole, and these are the mother tongues of the. <> Port, Eng. About Cape Verdean Creole Language. Everyone talks about you, about what a fool I was. All applicants must be native speakers of Cape Verdean Creole and must possess a. Remote. Cape Verde Creole: US-Based Interpreter. Martial - 78. com. Kabuverdianu Wikipedia. nivea Henriques * English-Cape Verdean Creole, English-Portuguese, Cape Verdean Creole-English, Portuguese-English Translation. 9% to 8. Cape Verdean Creole — Criollo de Cabo Verde (Spanish / español) Lengua criolla basada en el portugués hablada en las islas portuguesas de Cabo Verde. com. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. Reading ALTA 8/9 – ILR 2+/3. Keywords: portuguese, english, capeverdean creole, cabo verde, crioulo, creole, translation, tradução, tradutor, tranlator. Remote. A diligent, Reliable, and hard-working graduate in Geography and Spatial Planning at The University of Cape Verde with two Native languages namely: - English and French, fluent in Portuguese and Cape Verdean Creole with a basic understanding of Spanish. I'm a translator/interpreter of Cape Verdean Creole, English, Spanish, Portuguese and French. − Document translation service − Legal counseling − Referrals − Albanian Guidance Center 5 Sacramento Street Cambridge,. “Creole was not recognized as a language,” he says. With over 870,000 speakers worldwide, it’s the oldest surviving creole language, and most widely spoken Portuguese-based creole language. Portuguese and English/Cape Verdean Creole on several matters: legal calls, 911 calls, medical calls, insurance calls, travel and tourism, social services, US government, etc. Xerém. com. Languages, Literature, and Cultures-English Studies-Translation; University of Cabo Verde. bafiu = snack eaten with grogu. The language has particular importance for creolistics studies since it is the oldest (still-spoken. For your assistance, we will not only pay you but we will also leave a 5-star feedback. Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken on the islands of Cape Verde. We also translate Cape Verdean Creole to and from any other world language. See salaries, compare reviews, easily apply, and get hired. Requirements: 85% English proficiency ; Steady wired internet connection; USB Wired headset; Windows 8+ or Mac;. We ask that patients do not bring someone to interpret for them, or use family members for the purpose of medical interpretation. 24 Translator Creole jobs available in Any Where From Home on Indeed. Many people speak French. haitian creole interpreter creole speaking creole creole interpreter remote haitian creole translator creole interpreter bilingual creole french interpreter haitian interpreter. (AOL) is looking for Cape Verdean Creole. With around 1 million speakers in Cape Verde and Cape Verdean. Profile last. Lingua Graphica has been providing translation services for the medical, pharmaceutical and life-science sector for over two decades. , with CVC and English translations. The lemmas are as specified in the "English to Kriolu Dictionary" of the Peace Corps. The Adjective223 Medical Translator Creole jobs available on Indeed. Menu. Cape Verdean Creole translation in English - Italian Reverso dictionary, see also 'Cape Horn, Cape Town, Eastern Cape, Northern Cape', examples, definition, conjugation16 Translator Creole Remote jobs available in Various Remote on Indeed. The ferrinho (in Cape Verdean Creole ferrinhu [feˈʀiɲu]) is a musical instrument, more precisely a scraped idiophone. See salaries, compare reviews, easily apply, and get hired. Remote. . Reading ALTA 8/10 – ILR 2+/3+. carreira, cape verdean creole was formed from a portuguese pidgin, on the island of santiago, starting from the 15th century. But so much love remained. Our translation services team is comprised of in-house and freelance linguists, translators, proofreaders, translation quality assurance managers, and web. Translation API;. Fax: +1 (212) 537-6674. Some of the creoles used in Portuguese-speaking Africa include: • Forro – São Tomé and Príncipe • Kriolu – Cape Verde, also called Cape Verdean Creole • Angolar – Angola26 Translator Interpreter Creole jobs available in Boston, MA on Indeed. It is primarily spoken in Cape Verde, a country located off the coast of West Africa. Liberian Kreyol language, spoken in Liberia BA. Apply to Interpreter, Medical Interpreter, Spanish Interpreter and more! Skip to main content. For instance, for CVC from Brava,. I have missed my (train, plane) Dja N perde avion /konboiu. One World Global Services. Apply to Interpreter, Medical Interpreter, Freelance Translator and more!Posted 5:03:11 PM. Office Information. Thanks to us, you can also translate. 19 Translator Creole Cape jobs available on Indeed. Press J to jump to the feed. Cape Verdean Creole, spoken on the islands of Cape Verde 6. batuku = trad. We work to provide you with accurate Translation whether you need medical, legal or educational translation Get In Touch. ↓. Boston, MA 02116. Serves the Cape Verdean community in the Greater Brockton area by providing social services, education, health, employment, referral services and consular assistance. In 2017 there were about. Listening and Speaking Basics (ALTA 1 to ALTA 9) Writing – Online. Add new translation; Add new song; Request a translation; Request lyrics transcription; Start forum thread; Community. Apply to Interpreter, Translator, Freelance Translator and more! Skip to main content. bom dia translation and audio pronunciation. Cape Verdean Creole is spoken on the islands of Cape Verde in West Africa, and is derived from a combination of African languages and Portuguese. Brockton has the highest population of Cape Verdeans of any city in the United States. Cape Verdean Creole Life Sciences and Medical Translations. For that reason, Cape Verdean creole writing is not standardized; the same word or the same sentence may appear written in different ways.